Gentle chemical exfoliants (AHAs like glycolic acid) remove dead skin cells, promote cell turnover, and can help smooth the skin's surface, making fine lines less noticeable and allowing products to penetrate better.
Declining estrogen levels lead to significant dryness, collagen loss, and thinning skin. This requires intensely nourishing products and potentially hormone replacement therapy in consultation with a doctor.
Ablative lasers (e.g., CO2) remove outer skin layers for more dramatic results with downtime. Non-ablative lasers (e.g., IPL) heat deeper tissue without damaging the surface, offering subtle results with less recovery.
Using harsh drying products that strip the skin, causing increased oil production and more noticeable pores while also damaging the skin barrier and accelerating aging.